Supertraining

--- In [EMAIL PROTECTED], [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>
> In a message dated 5/19/08 11:04:15 AM, [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
> 
> 
> > â€" Dissipation of stored energy can be calculated and was tested 
by
> > imposing different delay periods
> >
> 
> ***
> Has anyone cross referenced delay time, energy dissipation and EMG. 
Obviously
> I'm interested in recruitment patterns and even PDS (power density 
spectrum)
> possibilities. I have believed, without any validation, that a 
rapid E-I-C
> (eccentric-isometric-concentric) transition is related to a greater 
relative fast
> fiber recruitment. Naturally the concentric phase philosophy is of 
great
> importance, i.e., highly motivated explosive vs. "controlled" 
acceleration.
> 

****
The below research studies may be helpful:

http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/84/1/97.pdf

-------------------

Adaptation to chronic eccentric exercise in humans: the influence
of contraction velocity.

Douglas Paddon-Jones, Michael Leveritt, Andrew Lonergan , Peter 
Abernethy

We compared changes in muscle fibre composition and muscle strength 
indices following a 10 week isokinetic resistance training programme 
consisting of fast (3.14 rad.s-1) or slow (0.52 rad.s-1) velocity 
eccentric muscle contractions. A group of 20 non-resistance trained 
subjects were assigned to a FAST (n=7), SLOW (n=6) or non-training 
CONTROL (n=7) group. A unilateral training protocol targeted the 
elbow flexor muscle group and consisted of 24 maximal eccentric 
isokinetic contractions (four sets of six repetitions) performed 
three times a week for 10 weeks. Muscle biopsy samples were obtained 
from the belly of the biceps brachii. Isometric torque and concentric 
and eccentric torque at 0.52 and 3.14 rad.s-1 were examinedat 0, 5 
and 10 weeks.

After 10 weeks, the FAST group demonstrated significant [mean (SEM)] 
increases in eccentric [29.6 (6.4)%] and concentric torque [27.4 
(7.3)%] at 3.14 rad.s-1, isometric torque [21.3 (4.3)%] and eccentric 
torque [25.2 (7.2)%] at 0.52 rad.s-1. The percentage of type I fibres 
in the FAST group decreased from [53.8 6.6)% to 39.1 (4.4)%] while 
type IIb fibre percentage increased from [5.8 (1.9)% to 12.9 (3.3)%; 
P<0.05]. In contrast, the SLOW group did not experience significant 
changes in muscle fibre type or muscle torque.

We conclude that neuromuscular adaptations to eccentric training 
stimuli may be influenced by differences in the ability to cope with 
chronic exposure to relatively fast and slow eccentric contraction 
velocities.
Possible mechanisms include greater cumulative damage to contractile
tissues or stress induced by slow eccentric muscle contractions.

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Jamie Carruthers
Wakefield, UK